Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo) Methods Implemented as ArcMap Models with Remote-Sensed and Ground-Based Inputs, Examined along with MODIS ET, for Peloponnese, Greece

The present study develops ArcMap models to implement the following three methods: FAO-56 Penman–Monteith (FAO PM), Hargreaves–Samani (HS) and Hansen, with former used as a reference. Moreover, implementing statistical indices (RMSD, MB, NMB) are also created. purpose is threefold, follows: investigate variability in daily mean reference evapotranspiration (ETo) for Decembers Augusts during 2016–2019, over Peloponnese, Greece. Furthermore, agreement between methods’ ETo estimates, examine along MODIS ET (daily) averaged products. area complex Mediterranean area. Meteorological data from sixty-two stations under National Observatory of Athens (NOA), Terra LST products, have been employed. FAO PM found sensitive wind speed depicts interactions among climate parameters (T, evaporative demand water availability) frame change. years 2016–2019 four warmest since preindustrial era. Hargreaves–Samani’s estimations were almost identical ET, despite their different physical meaning. However, there considerable discrepancies MODIS’s attributed higher summertime. GIS accurate, reliable, time-saving, adjustable any